I-China Steel Price Index (CSPI) ngoMashi.

Intengo yemikhiqizo yensimbi emakethe yasekhaya yashintsha phezulu ngoMashi, futhi kunzima ukuqhubeka nokukhuphuka esikhathini esizayo, ngakho-ke ukushintshashintsha okuncane kufanele kube umkhuba oyinhloko.

NgoMashi, isidingo semakethe yasekhaya sasinamandla, futhi intengo yemikhiqizo yensimbi yashintsha phezulu, futhi ukwanda kwakukhulu kunenyanga edlule.Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-April, izintengo zensimbi zikhuphuke kuqala zase zehla, ngokuvamile ziqhubeka nokuguquguquka phezulu.

1. Inkomba yentengo yensimbi yasekhaya yaseChina yenyuka inyanga nenyanga.

Ngokusho kokuqapha kwe-Iron and SteelAbahlanganyeliqhubeka,ekupheleni kuka-March, i-China Steel Price Index (CSPI) yayingamaphuzu angu-136.28, inyuke ngamaphuzu angu-4.92 kusukela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, inyuke ngo-3.75%, nokunyuka konyaka ngamaphuzu angu-37.07, okuwukunyuka kwamaphesenti. 37.37%.(Bona ngezansi)

Ishadi le-China Steel Price Index (CSPI).

• Amanani emikhiqizo yensimbi emikhulu akhuphukile.

Ekupheleni kukaNdasa, amanani azo zonke izinhlobo zensimbi eziyisishiyagalombili ezinkulu eziqashwe yiNhlangano Yensimbi Nensimbi akhuphuka.Phakathi kwazo, amanani entengo yensimbi ye-engeli, amapuleti aphakathi nendawo nasindayo, amakhoyili agingqiwe ashisayo namapayipi angenamthungo ashisayo akhuphuke kakhulu, akhuphuka ngo-286 yuan/ton, 242 yuan/ton, 231 yuan/ton kanye no-289 yuan/ton ngokulandelana. kusukela enyangeni edlule;Ukwenyuka kwentengo ye-rebar, ishidi eligoqiwe elibandayo kanye neshidi likathayela bekukuncane, kukhuphuke ngo-114 yuan/ton, 158 yuan/ton, 42 yuan/ton kanye no-121 yuan/ton ngokulandelanayo kusukela enyangeni edlule.(Bheka ithebula elingezansi)

Ithebula lezinguquko kumanani nezinkomba zemikhiqizo emikhulu yensimbi

2.Ukuhlaziywa kwezici ezishintshayo zamanani ensimbi emakethe yasekhaya.

NgoMashi, imakethe yasekhaya yangena enkathini ephakeme yokusetshenziswa kwensimbi, isidingo sensimbi esezansi nomfula sasiqinile, amanani ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe akhuphuka, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe nakho kwagcina ukukhula, okulindelwe ezimakethe kwanda, futhi amanani ensimbi aqhubeka nokukhuphuka.

• (1) Imboni yensimbi eyinhloko izinzile futhi iyathuthuka, futhi isidingo sensimbi siyaqhubeka sikhula.

Ngokusho kweNational Bureau of Statistics, isamba somkhiqizo wasekhaya (GDP) ngekota yokuqala sikhuphuke ngo-18.3% unyaka nonyaka, ngo-0.6% sisuka kwikota yesine ka-2020, kanye no-10.3% sisuka kwikota yokuqala ka-2019;ukutshalwa kwezimali kwempahla egxilile kuzwelonke (ngaphandle kwemizi yasemakhaya) kwenyuke unyaka nonyaka ngama-25.6%.Phakathi kwazo, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda kunyuke ngo-29.7% unyaka nonyaka, ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuthuthukiswa kwezindlu kukhule ngo-25.6% unyaka nonyaka, kanti indawo esanda kuqaliswa yokwakha izindlu inyuke ngo-28.2%.NgoMashi, inani elengeziwe lamabhizinisi ezimboni ngaphezu kobukhulu obunqunyiwe likhuphuke ngo-14.1% unyaka nonyaka.Phakathi kwazo, imboni yokukhiqiza imishini ejwayelekile inyuke ngo-20.2%, imboni yokukhiqiza imishini ekhethekile inyuke ngo-17.9%, imboni yokukhiqiza izimoto inyuke ngo-40.4%, imboni yezitimela, imikhumbi, i-aerospace kanye nezinye izinto zokuhamba inyuke ngo-9.8%, futhi imboni yokukhiqiza imishini kagesi nemishini inyuke ngama-24.1%.Imboni yokukhiqiza amakhompiyutha, ezokuxhumana kanye neminye imishini kagesi ikhule ngama-12.2%.Sekukonke, umnotho wezwe uqale kahle kwikota yokuqala, futhi imboni yensimbi esezansi nomfula inesidingo esinamandla.

• (2) Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kuye kwagcina izinga eliphezulu, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi kwamanye amazwe kuye kwanda kakhulu.

Ngokwezibalo ze-Iron and Steel Association, ngo-March, umkhiqizo kazwelonke we-pig iron, insimbi engahluziwe nensimbi (ngaphandle kwezinto eziphindaphindayo) wawungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-74.75, amathani ayizigidi ezingu-94.02 kanye namathani ayizigidi ezingu-11.87, ngokulandelana, akhuphuka ngo-8.9%. 19.1% kanye no-20.9% unyaka nonyaka;Ukukhishwa kwansuku zonke kwensimbi bekungamathani ayizigidi ezi-3.0329, okuwukukhula okujwayelekile kwama-2.3% ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala.Ngokwezibalo zeCustoms, ngoNdasa, ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo yensimbi ezweni lonke kwaba amathani ayizigidi eziyisi-7.54, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-16.4%;imikhiqizo yensimbi evela kwamanye amazwe yayingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.32, ukwanda konyaka ngo-16.0%;ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi yonke kwamanye amazwe bekungamathani ayizigidi eziyisi-6.22, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-16.5%.Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi emakethe yasekhaya kwagcina izinga eliphezulu, ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi kwamanye amazwe kwaqhubeka nokubuyela emuva, futhi isimo sokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo emakethe yensimbi sahlala sizinzile.

• (3) Amanani entengo ezimayini ezivela kwamanye amazwe kanye ne-coke yamalahle aselungisiwe, futhi amanani ewonke asephezulu.

Ngokwezibalo ze-Iron and Steel Association, ekupheleni kuka-March, intengo ye-iron ore yasekhaya igxile ku-25 yuan/ton, intengo ye-ore ethengwa kwamanye amazwe (CIOPI) yehle ngo-10.15 US dollar/ton, futhi amanani amalahle okuphekela kanye ne-metallurgical coke yehle ngo-45 yuan/ton no-559 yuan/ton ngokulandelanayo.I-Ton, intengo ye-scrap steel ikhuphuke ngo-38 yuan/ton ngenyanga ngenyanga.Uma sibheka isimo sonyaka nonyaka, insimbi yasekhaya igxila futhi i-ore ethengwa kwamanye amazwe inyuke ngo-55.81% kanye no-93.22%, amanani entengo yamalahle kanye ne-metallurgical coke akhuphuke ngo-7.97% no-26.20%, kanti amanani ensimbi yensimbi akhuphuke ngo-32.36%.Amanani entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nezibaseli ahlangana ngezinga eliphezulu, elizoqhubeka nokusekela amanani ensimbi.

3.Intengo yemikhiqizo yensimbi emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe iqhubekile nokukhuphuka, futhi ukwanda kwenyanga nenyanga kwanda.

Ngo-March, inkomba yentengo yensimbi yamazwe ngamazwe (CRU) yayingamaphoyinti angu-246.0, ukwanda kwamaphuzu angu-14.3 noma i-6.2% inyanga nenyanga, ukwanda ngamaphesenti angu-2.6 ngaphezu kwenyanga edlule;inyuke ngamaphuzu angama-91.2 noma ngama-58.9% ngesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.(Bheka umfanekiso kanye nethebula elingezansi)

Ishadi le-International Steel Price Index (CRU).

4.Ukuhlaziywa komkhuba wamanani emakethe yensimbi kamuva.

Njengamanje, imakethe yensimbi isesikhathini esifunwa kakhulu.Ngenxa yezinto ezifana nemikhawulo yokuvikelwa kwemvelo, okulindelwe ukuncishiswa komkhiqizo kanye nokukhula kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, amanani ensimbi emakethe yakamuva kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale ezinzile.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu esikhathini sokuqala kanye nezinga lokukhula ngokushesha, ubunzima bokudlulisela embonini engezansi buye banda, futhi kunzima ukuthi intengo iqhubeke nokukhuphuka esikhathini esizayo, futhi ukuguquguquka okuncane kufanele kube isizathu esiyinhloko.

• (1) Ukukhula komnotho wembulunga yonke kulindeleke ukuba kuthuthuke, futhi isidingo sensimbi siyaqhubeka sikhula

Uma sibheka isimo samazwe ngamazwe, isimo somnotho womhlaba sisaqhubeka nokuba ngcono.I-International Monetary Fund (IMF) ikhiphe “Umbiko Wesimo Sezomnotho Emhlabeni” ngomhla ziyisi-6 kuMbasa, ibikezela ukuthi umnotho womhlaba uzokhula ngo-6.0% ngowezi-2021, ukhuphuke ngo-0.5% kusukela esibikezelweni sikaJanuwari;i-World Steel Association yakhipha isibikezelo sesikhathi esifushane ngo-Ephreli 15 Ngo-2021, isidingo sensimbi emhlabeni wonke sizofinyelela amathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-1.874, okuwukunyuka ngo-5.8%.Phakathi kwazo, i-China ikhule ngo-3.0%, ngaphandle kwamazwe nezifunda ngaphandle kwe-China, ekhule ngo-9.3%.Uma sibheka isimo sasekhaya, izwe lami lisonyakeni wokuqala “we-14th Weminyaka Emihlanu Yohlelo”.Njengoba umnotho wasekhaya uqhubeka nokusimama kancane kancane, ukuvikelwa kwezinhlelo zokutshalwa kwezimali kuye kwaqiniswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi umkhuba wokukhula wokusimama kokutshalwa kwezimali okuzinzile esikhathini esizayo uzoqhubeka nokuhlanganiswa.“Siseningi indawo yokutshala imali ekuguquleni izimboni zendabuko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni ezisafufusa, okunomthelela omkhulu ovuselelayo ekudingeni ukukhiqiza kanye nensimbi.

• (2) Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kuhlala kusezingeni eliphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, futhi kunzima ukuba amanani ensimbi akhuphuke kakhulu.

Ngokwezibalo ze-Iron and Steel Association, ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zika-April, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe nsuku zonke (izinga elifanayo) ezinkampanini ezibalulekile zensimbi kukhuphuke ngo-2.88% inyanga nenyanga, futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi insimbi engahluziwe yezwe. umkhiqizo ukhuphuke ngo-1.14% inyanga nenyanga.Ngokombono wesimo se-supply-side, "ukubheka emuva" kokunciphisa amandla ensimbi nensimbi, ukuncishiswa kokuphuma kwensimbi engahluziwe, nokuqondisa kwemvelo sekuzoqala, futhi kunzima ukuthi ukukhishwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kukhule kakhulu isikhathi sakamuva.Kusukela ohlangothini lwesidingo, ngenxa yokwenyuka okusheshayo nokukhulu kwamanani ensimbi kusukela ngo-March, izimboni zensimbi ezansi nomfula ezifana nokwakhiwa kwemikhumbi nemishini yasendlini azikwazi ukumelana nokuqiniswa okuphezulu okuqhubekayo kwamanani ensimbi, futhi amanani ensimbi alandelayo awakwazi ukuqhubeka nokukhuphuka kakhulu.

• (3) Izimpahla zensimbi zaqhubeka nokwehla, futhi ukucindezela kwemakethe kwancishiswa esikhathini sakamuva.

Ethintwe ukukhula okusheshayo kwesidingo emakethe yasekhaya, izinqolobane zensimbi ziye zaqhubeka nokwehla.Ekuqaleni kuka-April, ngokombono wamasheya omphakathi, amasheya omphakathi wemikhiqizo yensimbi emihlanu emikhulu emadolobheni angu-20 ayengamathani ayizigidi ezingu-15.22, okwakuphansi izinsuku ezintathu zilandelana.Ukwehla okuhlanganisiwe kwaba amathani ayizigidi ezi-2.55 ukusuka endaweni ephakeme phakathi nonyaka, ukwehla ngo-14.35%;ukwehla ngamathani ayizigidi ezi-2.81 unyaka nonyaka.15.59%.Ngokombono we-inventory yebhizinisi lensimbi, izibalo ezibalulekile ze-iron ne-steel association of steel enterprise steel inventory zingamathani ayizigidi ezingu-15.5, ukwanda kusukela engxenyeni yokuqala yenyanga, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nephuzu eliphakeme ngonyaka ofanayo, lehla ngo-2.39 amathani ayizigidi, ukwehla ngo-13.35%;ukwehla konyaka ngonyaka ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.45, ukwehla Kwaba ngu-13.67%.Uhlu lwamabhizinisi kanye nezinhlaka zomphakathi ziqhubekile nokwehla, futhi ingcindezi yemakethe yehliswa nakakhulu esikhathini sakamuva.

5. Izinkinga ezibalulekile okufanele zibhekwe emakethe yakamuva:

• Okokuqala, izinga lokukhiqizwa kwensimbi liphakeme kakhulu, futhi ibhalansi yokuhlinzeka nokufunwa ibhekene nezinselele.Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuNdasa kulo nyaka, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe kuzwelonke kufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-271, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-15.6%, nokugcina izinga eliphezulu lokukhiqiza.Ibhalansi yokuphakelwa kwezimakethe kanye nesidingo ibhekene nezinselele, futhi kunegebe elikhulu phakathi kwezidingo zonyaka zokunciphisa umkhiqizo wezwe.Amabhizinisi ensimbi nensimbi kufanele ahlele ngokunengqondo ijubane lokukhiqiza, alungise ukwakheka komkhiqizo ngokuvumelana nezinguquko ezifunwa yimakethe, futhi akhuthaze ibhalansi yokuhlinzekwa kwemakethe kanye nesidingo.

• Okwesibili, ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kwentengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye namafutha kunyuse ingcindezi ezinkampanini zensimbi zokunciphisa izindleko nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle.Ngokokuqapha kwe-Iron and Steel Association, ngo-April 16, i-CIOPI intengo yensimbi yensimbi engenisiwe yayingama-US$176.39/ton, okuwukukhuphuka konyaka ngo-110.34%, okwakuphezulu kakhulu kunokwenyuka kwamanani ensimbi.Amanani entengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa njenge-iron ore, i-scrap steel, ne-coke coal ayaqhubeka nokuba phezulu, okuzokwandisa ingcindezi ezinkampanini zensimbi nezensimbi ukuze zehlise izindleko futhi zandise ukusebenza kahle ezigabeni zakamuva.

• Okwesithathu, umnotho womhlaba ubhekene nezici ezingaqinisekile futhi ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kubhekene nobunzima obukhulu.NgoLwesihlanu olwedlule, iWorld Health Organisation ibe nesithangami sabezindaba yathi ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule, isibalo samasonto onke samacala amasha omqhele emhlabeni wonke sesicishe saphindeka kabili, futhi sisondela ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu lokutheleleka selokhu kwaqubuka lesi sifo, esizodala ukugula. donsa ukusimama komnotho womhlaba kanye nesidingo.Ukwengeza, inqubomgomo yasekhaya yesaphulelo sentela yokuthunyelwa kwensimbi kwamanye amazwe ingase ilungiswe, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwensimbi kwamanye amazwe kubhekene nobunzima obukhulu.