ABSTRACT: Forging steel ingahlukaniswa nge-carbon steel, low alloy steel, medium alloy steel kanye ne-high alloy steel.Izinsimbi ezahlukene zinezakhiwo ezihlukene kanye nokusetshenziswa. Okufana ne-5CrMnMo, insimbi engu-3Cr2W8V esetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-hot forging iyafa;1Cr13, 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 4Cr13 insimbi esetshenziswa kumathuluzi ezokwelapha;1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti insimbi esetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezimelana nokugqwala;Insimbi ye-Mn13 esetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezingagugi;esetshenziswa ekushiseni okuphezulu okungu-5CrMo, insimbi engu-4Cr10Si2Mo yezingxenye;noma 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 2205, 45, 42CrMo, 27SiMn, 40CrNiMo, 40Cr, Q345B/C/D/E, insimbi ye-GCr15, njll. yama-cylinder forgings;noma i-forgings yegiya 40Cr, 42CrMo, 20CrMnMo, 20CrMnTi, 42CrMo, 40Cr steel nokunye.
Nasi ingcaphuno evela ezinsimbini ezivamile zokubumba ukuze kuhlaziywe kalula.Bona ngezansi:
1. 20SiMn
- Inamandla athile nokuqina, ukusebenza kahle kwemishini, nokusebenza okuhle kwe-welding.Ingakwazi esikhundleni sensimbi ye-27SiMn ne-S45C;
- Ifanele i-electroslag welding, i-hydraulic props eyodwa kanye nezingxenye ezinobukhulu bodonga lwesigaba esikhulu;
- Amandla okuqina ≥ 450;Amandla okukhiqiza ≥ 255;Ubude ≥ 14;Amandla okuthinta ≥ 39;Usayizi wesigaba (ububanzi noma ukujiya): 600 ~ 900mm;
- Izindlela zokwelashwa ezijwayelekile zokushisa: i-normalizing + tempering.
2. 35SiMn
- Inamandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukuqina nokumelana nokukhathala, ukusebenza kahle, ukuqina okuhle, ukusebenza kabi kwe-welding, kanye ne-medium deformation plasticity ebandayo.Umnotho omuhle, ungashintsha ngokuphelele i-40Cr noma ingxenye yensimbi ye-40CrNi;
- Isetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile kumashafu namagiya ahlukahlukene amancane naphakathi,njengamagiya okudlulisa, ama-main shaft, ama-spindles, ama-shaft ajikelezayo, izinduku zokuxhuma, izikelemu, ama-tram shaft, ama-generator shaft, ama-crankshaft, ama-flywheels, ama-hub, ama-impeller, izibambo zefosholo, imigodi yegeja, ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo eliqinile.Izibophelelo ezihlukahlukene ezibalulekile nama-forgings amakhulu namancane;
- Amandla okuqina ≥885MPa;Amandla okukhiqiza ≥735MPa;Ubude ≥15;Amandla okuthinta ≥47;
- Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokwelapha ukushisa: ukucisha ama-degree angu-900, ukupholisa amanzi, ukushisa ama-degree angu-570, ukupholisa amanzi noma ukupholisa amafutha.
3. 50SiMn
- Amandla aphezulu nokuqina okuhle, ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-oxidation, ukucutshungulwa kwepulasitiki okulula, ukuphela kwendawo ephezulu, kanye nokuzwela ukufutheka.Ingashintsha i-40Cr;
- Isetshenziswa kakhulu amagiya amaringi amakhulu, amasondo kanye nezingxenye zeshaft ezineziphambano ezincane nezimaphakathi.
4. 16MnCr
- Insimbi yegiya elandwe eJalimane, elilingana neI-16CrMnH yaseChina, inokuqina okuhle nokusebenziseka kahle, ukuqina kwendawo ephezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuphezulu, kanye nokuqina komthelela ophezulu wezinga lokushisa eliphansi;
- Okuvame ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye ezinkulu, ezifana namagiya, izikelemu zegiya, izikelemu, imikhono yophawu, izimpawu zikawoyela we-turbine, imikhono kaphethiloli namabhawodi, njll.;
- Amandla okuqina 880-1180;Amandla okukhiqiza 635;Ukwelula 9;Ukuqina ≤297HB;
- Ukucaciswa kokwelashwa kokushisa: Ukucisha uwoyela okungu-900°C + 870°C ukucisha uwoyela, ukufudumala okungu-200°C.
5. 20MnCr
- Insimbi ye-carburizing evela eJalimane,okulingana no-20CrMn e-China, ingasetshenziswa njengensimbi ecishiwe nepholile.Ukuqina okuhle, ukuwohloka kokwelashwa kokushisa okuncane, ukuqina okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukusebenza kahle kokusika, kodwa ukushisela okuncane;
- Ingasetshenziselwa izingxenye ezine-cross-section encane, ingcindezi ephakathi nendawo futhi ayinawo umthelela omkhulu,njengamagiya, ama-shafts, izinduku zokuxhuma, ama-rotor, imikhono, amasondo aphikisanayo, izikelemu, ama-main shafts, ama-couplings, ama-couplings wendawo yonke, ukulungiswa I-sleeve yesilawuli sesivinini kanye namabhawodi epuleti lekhava lomkhumbi we-high-pressure, njll.;
- Amandla okuqina 1482;veza amandla 1232;ubude 13;ukuqina komthelela inani 73;ubulukhuni 357HB;
- Ukucaciswa kokwelashwa kokushisa: 900°C ukucisha uwoyela + 870°C ukucisha uwoyela, 200°C ukushisa
6. 20CrMnTi
- Insimbi ye-Carburized.Ukuqina kuphezulu, amandla okusebenza kuhle, ukuguqulwa kwemishini kuncane, futhi ukumelana nokukhathala kuhle.Inokuqina komthelela ophezulu wezinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokushisela okuphakathi;
- Isetshenziswa kakhulu kumagiya okudlulisa izimoto, angasetshenziswa njengamagiya, amagiya amagiya, amagiya amaringi, amakhanda awela, njll.;izingxenye ezibalulekile ezinesiphambano esingaphansi kuka-30mm, njengamagiya, amagiya endandatho, amagiya amagiya, ama-sliding bearings, ama-main shafts, ama-claw clutches, izikelemu, amakhanda awela, njll.;
- Amandla okuqina≥1080(110);Amandla okukhiqiza≥835(85);Elongation≥10;Amandla okuthinta≥55;Inani lokuqina komthelela≥69(7);Ukuqina≤217HB;
- Ukucaciswa kokwelashwa kokushisa: Ukucisha: okokuqala 880 ℃, okwesibili 870 ℃, ukupholisa uwoyela;ukushisa okungu-200 ℃, ukupholisa amanzi, ukupholisa umoya.
7. 20MnMo
- Ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding.Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ensimbi ye-SA508-3cl.2 kufana kakhulu;
- Isetshenziselwa izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo kanye nezitsha zokucindezela okuphezulu, njengekhanda, ikhava engezansi, isilinda, njll.;
- Amandla okuqina ≥470;Amandla okukhiqiza ≥275;Ubude ≥14;Amandla okuthinta ≥31.
8. 25CrMo4
- Amandla aphezulu kanye nokuqina, ukuqina okuphezulu, akukho brittleness, ukushisela okuhle kakhulu, ukuthambekela okuphansi kokwenza imifantu ebandayo, ukukhwabanisa okuhle kanye nepulasitiki yobunzima obubandayo.
- Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa esimweni esicishiwe nesishisayo noma se-carburized futhi sicime, isetshenziselwa ukwakha amapayipi anomfutho ophezulu kanye nezibophelelo ezihlukahlukene ezisebenza emithonjeni yezindaba engagqwali kanye nemithombo yezindaba equkethe izingxube ze-nitrogen ne-hydrogen ezinezinga lokushisa elisebenzayo elingaphansi kuka-250 ℃, nezinga eliphezulu. ukungena kwezingxenye ze-Carbon, njengamagiya, ama-shafts, amapuleti okucindezela, izinduku zokuxhuma i-piston, njll.;
- Amandla okuqina ≥ 885 (90);Amandla okukhiqiza ≥ 685 (70);Ubude ≥ 12;Amandla okuthinta ≥ 35;Inani lokuqina komthelela ≥ 98 (10);Ukuqina ≤ 212HB;
- Ukucaciswa kokwelashwa kokushisa: ukucisha ku-880 ℃, ukupholisa amanzi, ukupholisa uwoyela;ukushisa ku-500 ℃, ukupholisa amanzi, ukupholisa uwoyela.
9. 35CrMo
- Amandla aphezulu okukhasa nokuqina ekushiseni okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa lesikhathi eside lokusebenza lingafinyelela ku-500 ℃;i-plasticity emaphakathi ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa okubandayo, i-weldability embi;izinga lokushisa eliphansi ukuya ku -110 ℃, linamandla amile aphezulu, ukuqina komthelela namandla aphezulu okukhathala, Ukuqina okuhle, akukho ukuthambekela kokushisa ngokweqile, ukuwohloka okuncane kokucisha, ipulasitiki eyamukelekayo ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa okubandayo, ukusebenziseka okuphakathi, kodwa kunohlobo lokuqala lokufutheka kwentukuthelo, futhi ukushisela akukuhle.Kudingeka kushiswe kusengaphambili ku-150 ~ 400 degrees Celsius ngaphambi kokushisela.Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-post-weld ukuze kuqedwe ukucindezeleka.Ngokujwayelekile isetshenziswa ngemuva kokucisha kanye nokushisa, ingasetshenziswa futhi ngemuva kokucisha noma ukucisha indawo yokushisa ephansi nephakathi nendawo;
- Ikakhulukazi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile emishinini ehlukahlukene ethwala umthelela, ukugoba kanye ne-torsion, kanye nemithwalo ephezulu, njengamagiya amakhulu esigaba, ama-shaft transmission esindayo, ama-rotor injini ye-turbine eshisayo, ama-main shafts, ama-shaft asekelayo, amagiya, ama-crankshafts, ama-crankshafts, izinduku zesando. , Izinti zokuxhuma, izibophelelo, amapayipi anezindonga eziwugqinsi anengcindezi ephezulu, njll.;
- Amandla okuqina ≥ 985 (100);Amandla okukhiqiza ≥ 835 (85);Ubude ≥ 12;Ukunciphisa indawo ≥ 45;Amandla okuthinta ≥ 63;Inani lokuqina komthelela ≥ 78 (8);Ukuqina ≤ 229HB;
- Ukucaciswa kokwelashwa kokushisa: ukucisha i-850 ℃, ukupholisa uwoyela;ukushisa okungu-550 ℃, ukupholisa amanzi, ukupholisa uwoyela.
10. 42CrMo
- Inezakhiwo ezinhle zokusebenza nokusebenza kahle,futhi amandla nokuqina kwayo kuphakeme kuno-35CrMo;
- Isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-forging anamandla aphezulu noma ingxenye enkulu ecishiwe futhi eqinile kunensimbi engu-35CrMo, njengamagiya amakhulu okudonsa isitimela, amagiya okuhambisa ama-supercharger, ama-ekseli angemuva, izinduku zokuxhuma, izinciphisi, ukuxhuma i-shaft universal couplings kanye namamaki angu-8.8, amabhawodi, amantongomane, iwasha , njll ububanzi kuze kufike ku-100mm;
- Ukuqina kwe-Annealing 255～207HB, ukucisha ubulukhuni ≥60HRC;
11. 50CrMo
- Amandla nokuba lukhuni kuphakeme kuno-42CrMo, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ngemva kokucisha kanye nokushisa.Ingashintsha insimbi ecishiwe futhi ethambile ibe nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nickel;
- Isetshenziselwa ukwakha ama-forging anamandla amakhulu noma ingxenye enkulu kunensimbi engu-42CrMo, njengamagiya amakhulu okudonsa kwesitimela, amagiya okuhambisa ama-supercharger, ama-asili angemuva, amasilinda enjini, amajoyinti amapayipi kawoyela ajulile angu-1200 ~ 2000m, amathuluzi okudoba, izinduku zepiston kanye neBanga lesi-8.8. izinsimbi ezinobubanzi obungu-100 ~ 160mm;
- Inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa: ukucisha i-850 °;ukupholisa: amafutha;lokushisa lokushisa 560 °;ukupholisa: amanzi, amafutha;
- Amandla okuqina yi-MPa1080;iphuzu lokukhiqiza yi-MPa930;ubude bungu-12, ukuncishiswa kwendawo kungu-45, futhi ukumuncwa komthelela ngu-63;
12. 20CrMnMo
- Insimbi ye-carburized yezinga eliphezulu, amandla angaphezu kuka-15CrMnMo;ipulasitiki ephansi kancane kanye nokuqina, ukuqina okuphezulu kanye nezakhiwo zemishini kune-20CrMnTi;izakhiwo ezinhle ezibanzi zemishini kanye nokuqina komthelela ophansi wokushisa ngemuva kokucisha kanye nokushisa;ephakeme ngemva kwe-carburizing kanye nokucisha Inamandla okugoba aphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka, kodwa ijwayele ukuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokugaya;ukushisela okubi, okulungele ukumelana nokushisela, ukushisa ngaphambi kokushisela, kanye nokushisa ngemva kokushisela;ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza okushisayo.Ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-12Cr2Ni4;
- Okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinkulu nezibalulekile ze-carburized ezinobunzima obuphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka, njengama-crankshafts, ama-camshafts, izinduku zokuxhuma, izinsimbi zamagiya, amagiya, amaphinikhodi, njll;
- Amandla okuqina ≥ 1180;Iphoyinti lokukhiqiza ≥ 885;I-Elongation ngemva kokuphuka ≥ 10;Ukuncipha kwesigaba ≥ 45;Umsebenzi wokumunca umthelela ≥ 55;Ubulukhuni be-Brinell ≤ 217;
- Ukwelashwa kokushisa: ukucisha ukushisa okushisa okungama-850 ℃;lokushisa lokushisa 200 ℃;
13. 18MnMoNb
- Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu okungaphansi kuka-500 ~ 530 ℃, ukushisela okuhle nokusebenza kokucubungula;
- Okuvame ukusetshenziswa emikhunjini yamakhemikhali ephezulu yokucindezela, amasilinda amanzi, ama-hydraulic turbine shafts, njll. Insimbi yesakhiwo esine-alloy ephansi yama-boilers nemikhumbi yokucindezela.Inamandla aphezulu kanye nesilinganiso sesivuno, ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula okushisayo kanye nokusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphakathi, inqubo yokukhiqiza elula, ukusebenza kahle kwe-welding, nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu.Isetshenziswa ekwenzeni izigubhu ze-steam ze-boiler ezinomfutho ophezulu kanye neziqukathi ezinkulu zamakhemikhali;ibuye isetshenziswe njengamashafu amakhulu ama-hydraulic turbines nama-hydro-generator, kanye ne-AC kanye ne-DC motor shafts;
- Amandla okuqina ≥635;Amandla okukhiqiza ≥510;Elongation 17;Ukuqina komthelela wezinga lokushisa kwegumbi 69;
- Ukucaciswa kokwelashwa kokushisa: ukujwayela okujwayelekile + ukwelashwa kokufudumeza: 950～980℃ normalizing, ukugcinwa kokushisa 1.5min～2.0min/mm, 600～650℃ ukufudumala, ukugcinwa kokushisa 5min～7min/mm, ukupholisa umoya.
14.42MnMoV
- Insimbi ye-alloy ecishiwe futhi eqinile.Ingakwazi esikhundleni se-42CrMo;
- Ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-shafts namagiya, njll.;
- Ubulukhuni bokucisha ubuso bungama-45~55HRC;amandla okubamba ≥765;isivuno amandla ≥590;ubude ≥12;ukunciphisa indawo ≥40;amandla omthelela ≥31;ubulukhuni 241-286HB.
Umthombo:Imibhalo yobungcweti bemishini.
Umhleli: Ali
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-16-2021